Nothern Elders Forum was formally established in 2001, although it had existed informally for some years before that, with prominent figures from the northern region coming together to discuss issues concerning the welfare and progress of the region. It emerged during a time when Nigeria was undergoing significant political, social, and economic changes, including the transition from military rule to civilian governance in 1999.
The formation of the Northern Elders Forum was, in part, a response to what many leaders in the north perceived as the marginalization of the region in national politics and governance. The region, which was one of the most populous and diverse in Nigeria, faced challenges like poverty, underdevelopment, insecurity, and political instability. The forum was seen as a way to provide a unified voice for the north and to advocate for policies that would foster the region's growth and development.